| Bhaktapur
Durbar Square |
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Bhaktapur
Durbar Square is rich
in art and architecture
and listed in World
Heritage Site by UNESCO.
The Palace of 55 Windows
built during the period
of King Bhupatindra
Malla in 1754 situated
to the left as you enter
through the city gate,
inspires admiration.
The palace entrance,
the Golden Gate known
as Sunko Dhoka in Nepali
is a masterpiece in
reposes art. In front
of the palace building
is a medley of temples
of various designs.
Amongst the three Durbar
Squares in the Valley,
the Durbar Square in
Bhaktapur is the best
preserved one. Other
notable monuments in
and around the historic
Durbar Square are: the
octagonal Chyasin Mandap,
Siddhi Laxmi Temple,
Shiva Temple (Fasi-dega),
Vatsala Temple, Bhandarkhal
Complex, Chatu Brahma
Mahavihar, Indrayani
Temple, Balakhu Ganesh
Temple, Tripura-sundari
Temple and the Char
Dham symbolizing the
four greatest Hindu
pilgrimage sites. The
square is one of the
most charming architectural
showpieces of the Valley
as it highlights the
ancient arts of Nepal. |
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This square is the most
important location for festivals
where a large number of
people gather together.
The short narrow lane goes
past the Thangka and handicraft
shops leading directly to
the Taumadhi Square where
you are dwarfed by the tallest
temple in Nepal.
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| The
Nyatapola Temple is the five
storeys; 30m high temple is
the highest
pagoda style temple in the
valley. It was built in 1702
AD. This temple presides over
the Taumadhi Square. It is
the best example of traditional
Newari temple architecture.
The stairway leading up to
the temple is flanked by guardian
figures at each plinth level.
The bottom plineth has the
legendary wrestlers Jayamel
and Phattu, said to have the
strength of 10 men. On the
plinths above are two elephants,
then two lions, then two griffins
and finally two goddesses.
The
struts, doors, windows and
tympanums—each embellished
with attractively carved divine
figures—perfectly portray
the creative tradition of
Newar craftsmen. The temple
is dedicated to Goddess Siddhi
Laxmi, the manifestation of
female force and creativity.
Thus, this temple has the
cultural, religious importance
and rich in art and archaeological
point of view. |
A
fifteen minutes casual walk
north-east of the Taumadhi
square brings you to the Dattatreya
Square. This is a three-storey
pagoda style temple and is
said to be the oldest in Bhaktapur
and is believed to have been
built of wood from a single
tree in 1428 during the reign
of King Yaksha Malla. In 1458,
Vishwa Malla is said to have
renovated the structure. Originally
a single storey temple and
only later became two storied
through additions. Stone figures
of Jaya Mal and Patta, two
famous wrestlers are seen
guarding the temple. It is
commonly believed that this
temple is dedicated to the
holy trinity of Brahma, Vishnu
and Shiva and their idols
occupy the shrine. The Garuda
made of stone, paying homage
suggests a Vishnu temple.
Garuda is the vehicle of Vishnu
and is found in front of most
Vishnu temples. The conch
and disc on pillars are recent
additions and also indicate
a Vishnu shrine. The non-newar
Brahmins of Indian descent
are the traditional caretakers
of this temple. For sometime
the priests were Jha Brahmins
but today Bhatta Brahmins
have taken over. A Giri priest
conducts the daily prayers.
During Shivaratri festival
in Feb / March, a crowd of
devotees flock the temple.
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| Changu
Narayan Temple is situated
on a ridge overlooking the
Valley, about 12 km to the
east of the city. It is dedicated
to the Hindu God Bishnu –
the Preserver. One of the
finest and oldest specimens
of pagoda architecture, the
temple is embellished with
exquisite wood and stone carvings
and is said to be the oldest
pagoda style temple in Nepal
built sometime back in 323
A.D. The sacred complex is
a World Heritage Site and
from the temple one can see
the beautiful Manohara River
flowing like a serpent through
green fields, and to the north
on a clear day one can see
many Himalayan peaks and offers
a panoramic view of the surrounding
at 125 meters. We can see
the Newari culture and tradition
around Changu Narayan Temple.
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